Russia

The war in Ukraine will continue to cast its shadow over the country’s natural ecosystems for decades to come.

Europe must look east if it is to grasp the full extent of the consequences of Russia’s invasion.

Human rights campaigner Maria Kurinna on documenting and prosecuting Russian crimes in Ukraine.

Polish activist Klementyna Suchanow traces the funding and politics of religious organisations to Russia.

The determination, resilience, and flexibility displayed by ordinary people in Ukraine have defied expectations.

Ukraine’s fierce counter-attack against Russia is rooted in unique aspects of its society and culture.

Economic historian Nazar Gorin looks at how the long history of Russian colonialism shaped Ukraine’s development. For centuries, the country’s wealth and resources were extracted for the benefit of Russian power and alternative development paths were foreclosed.

As Russia attempts to redraw Ukraine’s borders by force, defence spending is going up around Europe.

The ropes of deterrence are alarmingly short, and Putin may be willing to risk it all.

Raluca Besliu looks at how evolving narratives of national history helped pave the way to war.